Abstract This thesis focuses on the concept of green maritime and inland shipping corridors, considered as a potential lever for the energy transition in the transport sector. It looks back at the origins of this still-developing concept, particularly since the Clydebank Declaration (COP26) and the wide variety of approaches taken by both public and private stakeholders. The analysis identifies several key challenges to implementation, such as regulatory complexity, technological uncertainty, coordination difficulties and the high cost of low-carbon solutions. The Sweden–Belgium corridor case study illustrates the complexity of putting such a corridor into practice, as well as the lack of clarity surrounding the related announcements and intentions. The thesis also emphasises the importance of intermodality and the potential role of inland waterways in extending these corridors, particularly in Wallonia. It argues that, in order to have a real impact, such initiatives must go all the way through the logistics chain, including the last mile. The aim is to better understand what green corridors can actually deliver, and to identify the conditions needed to make them consistent and operational at global, European, and local levels.